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G5613_ὡς
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Lexicon G. Abbott-Smith

Voor meer informatie: G. Abbott-Smith's A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Scribner's, 1922)

ὡς, adverbial form of the relative pron. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ. I. As relat. adv. of manner, as, like as, just as, even as 1. with a demonstrative, like οὕτως, expressed or understood: οὕτως . . . ὡς, Mk 4:26, I Co 3:15, Eph 5:28, Ja 2:12, al.; ὡς . . . οὕτως, Ac 8:32, I Co 7:17, al.; elliptically (sc. οὕτως, οὕτω), c. nom., Mt 6:29, al.; c. acc., Mt 19:19, Mk 12:31, al.; c. prep., Mt 26:55, Mk 14:48, Lk 22:52, Jo 7:10, al.; c. verb., Jo 15:6, II Co 3:1, Eph 2:3, I Th 5:6, al.; c. ptcp. (the ptcp. however not having the special force wh. it has in cl.; v. Bl., §73, 5; 74, 6), Mt 7:29, Mk 1:22, He 13:17, al.; freq implying opinion or belief, Ro 9:32; so esp, c. gen. absol., I Co 4:18, II Co 5:20, I Pe 4:12, II Pe 1:3. 2. Before numerals, about, nearly: Mk 5:13, Jo 1:40, Ac 5:7, al. 3. Before adjectives and adverbs, how: Ro 10:15 11:33, I Th 2:10; c. superl., ὡς τάχιστα, as quickly as possible, Ac 17:15. lb / II. 1. (a) as, when, since: Mk 9:21 14:72, Lk 1:23, Jo 2:9, al.; (b) while, when, as long as: Lk 12:58, Jo 12:36, Ga 6:10 (Field, Notes, 191); ὡς ἄν (M, Pr., 167, and v.s. ἄν), Ro 15:24, I Co 11:34, Phl 2:23. 2. Final, in order that; c. inf., in order to (M, Pr., 204n), Lk 9:52, Ac 20:24, He 7:9.

Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

Voor meer informatie: Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon (1940)

ὡς:—
  Summary:
__A as adverb of Manner.
__A.Aa ὧς and ὥς (with accent), so, thus.
__A.Ab ὡς (without accent) of the Relat. pronoun ὅς, as.
__A.Ac ὡς Relat. and Interrog., how.
__A.Ad ὡς temporal, when.
__A.Ae ὡς Local, where,
__B ὡς, as CONJUNCTION.
__C,D various usages. adverb of Manner:
__A.Aa ὥς, Demonstr., ={οὕτως}, so, thus, frequently in Homerus Epicus, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.33, al.; ὢς εἶπ᾽ Sappho Lyrica “Papyrus fragments” in E. Diehl, 20 a. 11 (Epic style) ; in Ionic dialect Prose, Herodotus Historicus 3.13, al.; rare in Attic., and almost confined to certain phrases, see below 2, 3 ; ὥς simply ={οὕτως}, Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 930, Thucydides Historicus 3.37, Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 338a; ἀλλ᾽ ὣς γενέσθω Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 888, al.
__A.2 καὶ ὧς even so, nevertheless, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.116, al. ; οὐδ᾽ ὧς not even so, 7.263, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.6, al., Herodotus Historicus 6.76; οὐδέ κεν ὧς Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.386: the phrases καὶ ὧς, οὐδ᾽ ὧς, μηδ᾽ ὧς, are used in Trag. and Attic dialect, Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1042, Thucydides Historicus 1.74, 7.74; also later, “PCair.Zen.” 19.10 (3rd c.BC, unaccented), “UPZ” 146.40 (2nd c.BC), “GDI” 1832.11 (Delph., 2nd c.BC), “IG” 22.850.17 (3rd c.BC) ; κἂν ὧς, εἴπερ μέλει σοι, ἀπόστειλόν μοί τινα “POxy.” 120.11 (4th c.AD) ; δουλεύων καθὼς καὶ ὧς “GDI” 2160 (Delph., 2nd c.BC) ; Thess. καὶ οὗς “IG” 9(2).234.1 (3rd c.BC) ; for this phrase the accentuation ὧς is prescribed by Hdn.Gr.2.932, al.,compare Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi”; 307.16, and is found in good Mss. of Homer; for the remaining uses under this head (Aa. 1, 3, 4) the accentuation ὥς is prescribed by the same grammarians.
__A.3 in Comparisons, ὥς.., ὡς.., so.. as.., etc.; and reversely ὡς.., ὣς.., as.. so, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.512, 14.265, etc. ; in Attic dialect, Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 530d ; also ὥς τε.. ὣς.., as.. thus.., “hymnus ad Cererem” 174 - 6, Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 1066 - 8; οἷα.. ὥς prev. author “El.” 151 - 5 ; ὥσπερ.., ὣς δὲ.. (in apodosi) Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 326d.
__A.4 thus, for instance, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.129, “hymnus ad Venerem” 218 ; ὥς should be accented in Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.121, 125.
__A.4.Ab ὡς, Relat., as, Homerus Epicus, etc. ; properly relative to a demonstrative adverb, which is frequently omitted, κινήθη δ᾽ ἀγορὴ ὡς κύματα μακρὰ θαλάσσης, i. e. οὕτως, ὡς.., Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.144 (φὴ Zenodotus Grammaticus): it is relat. not only to the regular _demonstrative_ Advs. ὥς (ὧς), τώς, ὧδε, οὕτως, αὕτως, but also to ταύτῃ, Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 365d, etc. We find a collateral Doric. form ὥ (which see) ; compare ὥτε. Usage:
__A.I in similes, frequently in Homerus Epicus, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.161, al. ; longer similes are commonly introduced by ὡς ὅτε, ὡς δ᾽ ὅτε, ἤριπε δ᾽, ὡς ὅτε πύργος ἤριπε 4.462: ἤριπε δ᾽, ὡς ὅτε τις δρῦς ἤριπε 13.389, compare 2.394 ; so later, Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 84.1, etc.; ὡς ὅτε θαητὸν μέγαρον, πάξομεν Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.2: ὡς ὅτε is rare in short similes, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.368: ὡς is followed by indicative present, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.4, 16.364: also by aorist, 3.33f, 4.275, 16.823, al. ; also by subjunctive present or aorist, 5.161, 10.183, 485, 13.334 (sometimes ὡς δ᾽ ὅτ᾽ ἄν, 11.269, 17.520) ; compare ὥστε A:—the Verb is sometimes omitted with ὡς, but may be supplied from the context, ἐνδούπησε πεσοῦσ᾽, ὡς εἰναλίη κήξ (i.e. πίπτει) Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.479, compare 6.20; θεὸς δ᾽ ὣς τίετο δήμῳ Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.78; οἱ δὲ φέβοντο.., βόες ὣς ἀγελαῖαι Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.299: where ὡς follows the noun to which it refers, it takes the accent; so in Comedy texts, Ἀριστόδημος ὥς Cratinus Comicus 151, compare Eubulus Comicus 75.6 ; see infr. H.
__A.I.2 like as, just as, ὡς οὗτος κατὰ τέκν᾽ ἔφαγε.., ὣς ἡμεῖς κτλ. Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.326, see supr. Aa. 3.
__A.I.3 sometimes in the sense as much as or according as, ἑλὼν κρέας ὥς (i. e. ὅσον) οἱ χεῖρες ἐχάνδανον Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.344 ; ὦκα δὲ μητρὶ ἔννεπον ὡς (i. e. ὅσα) εἶδόν τε καὶ ἔκλυον “hymnus ad Cererem” 172; τῶν πάντων οὐ τόσσον ὀδύρομαι.. ὡς ἑνός Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.105; τόσον.. ὡς Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.130 ; so in Trag., σοὶ θεοὶ πόροιεν ὡς ἐγὼ θέλω Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1124; ὡς ἐγὼ οὐκ ἔστιν ὑμῶν ὅστις ἐξ ἴσου νοσεῖ prev. author “OT” 60 ; in Prose, ὡς δύναται as much as he can, Democritus Epigrammaticus 278; τὸ ῥῆμα μέμνημαι ὡς εἶπε Aeschines Orator 3.72 ; ὡς μή ={ὅσον μή, νέμεν ὅτι ἃν} (={ἂν}) βόλητοι ὡς μὴ ἰν τοῖ περιχώροι “IG” 5(2).3.9 (Tegea, 4th c.BC) ; cf. Ab. 11.2 below
__A.I.4 sometimes after comparative, compared with, hence than, μᾶλλον πρέπει οὕτως ὡς.. Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 36d; ἅ γε μείζω πόνον παρέχει.. οὐκ ἂν ῥᾳδίως οὐδὲ πολλὰ ἂν εὕροις ὡς τοῦτο prev. author “R.” 526c ; οὐδενὸς μᾶλλον φροντίζειν ὡς.. Polybius Historicus 3.12.5, compare 7.4.5, 11.2.9, Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Coriolanus” 36: μᾶσσον ὡς is uncertain in Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 629 , and ἢ should perhaps be inserted in Lysias Orator 7.12,31 ; compare ὥσπερ IV.
__A.II with Adverbial clauses:
__A.II.1 parenthetically, in qualifying clauses, ὡς ἔοικε, etc., Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 176c, etc. : in these cases γε or γοῦν is frequently added, ὡς γοῦν ὁ λόγος σημαίνει as at any rate the argument shows, prev. author “R.” 334a ; in some phrases with infinitive, see below Bacchylides Lyricus 11.3. An anacoluthon sometimes occurs by the Verb of the principal clause being made dependent on the parenthetic Verb, ὡς δὲ Σκύθαι λέγουσι, νεώτατον ἁπάντων ἐθνέων εἶναι (for ἦν) τὸ σφέτερον Herodotus Historicus 4.5, compare 1.65; ὡς ἐγὼ ἤκουσα, εἶναι αὐτόν prev. author 4.76 ; ὡς γὰρ.. ἤκουσά τινος, ὅτι.. Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.4.18 codices ; ἁνὴρ ὅδ᾽ ὡς ἔοικεν οὐ νεμεῖν (for οὐ νεμεῖ, ὡς ἔοικε), Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 1238.
__A.II.2 in elliptical phrases, so far as.. (compare supr. Ab. 1.3) ὡς ἐμοί prev. author “Aj.” 395 (Lyric poetry); so ὥς γε ἐμοὶ κριτῇ Aelianus “Varia Historia” 2.41 and ὥς γ᾽ ἐμοὶ χρῆσθαι κριτῇ Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 801; ὡς ἐμῇ δόξῃ Xenophon Historicus “de Vectigalibus” 5.2 ; ὡς ἀπ᾽ ὀμμάτων (i.e. εἰκάσαι) to judge by eyesight, Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 15 : especially in such phrases as οὐκέτι πολλὸν χωρίον, ὡς εἶναι Αἰγύπτου Herodotus Historicus 2.8 ; οὐδὲ ἀδύνατος, ὡς Αακεδαιμόνιος for a Lacedaemonian, Thucydides Historicus 4.84, compare Dionysius Halicarnassensis 10.31; ὡς ἀνθρώποις Alcmaeon Philosophus 1 ; φρονεῖ.. ὡς γυνὴ μέγα for a woman, Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1078 ; πιστός, ὡς νομεύς, ἀνήρ prev. work 1118; μακρὰν ὡς γέροντι.. ὁδόν prev. author “OC” 20, compare 385, “Ant.” 62, etc.; ὡπλισμένοι ὡς ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσιν ἱκανῶς Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.3.31; also with ἄν, μεγάλα ἐκτήσατο χρήματα, ὡς ἂν εἶναι Ῥοδῶπιν Herodotus Historicus 2.135 codices (ἂν secl. Krüger, Ῥοδώπιος conjecture Valck.) :—for ὡς εἰπεῖν and the like, see below Bacchylides Lyricus 11.3.
__A.II.3 ὡς attached to the object of the Verb, as, ἑωυτὸν ὡς ἐχθρὸν λυπέει Democritus Epigrammaticus 88; ἔλαβεν ἀμφοτέρους ὡς φίλους ἤδη Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.2.25; ἐν οἰκήματι ᾧ ὡς ταμιείῳ ἐχρῆτο Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 315d .— For the similar usage of ὡς with Participles and Prepositions, see below with
__A.III with Adverbs:
__A.III.a with the Posit., ὡς ἀληθῶς truly, Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 234e (compare ἀληθής 111.1b: as if _adverb_ of τὸ ἀληθές) ; ὡς ἑτέρως in the other way, prev. work 276c, Demosthenes Orator 18.212 (adverb of ὁ ἕτερο; see at {ἕτερος} see 2) (see. below Demosthenes Orator 1.1) ; ὡς ἠπίως, ὡς ἐτητύμως, Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1438 (Lyric poetry), 1452; ὡς ὁμοίως “SIG” 708.34 (Istropolis, 2nd c.BC), LXX.4Mac.5.21, 1 “Enoch” 5.3, “IG” 7.2725.16 (Acraeph., 2nd c.AD)+5th c.BC+; ὡς ἐναλλάξ Vettius Valens Astrologus 215.9, 340.2; ὡς παντελῶς prev. author 184.26; ὡς ἄλλως Isaeus Orator 7.27, Demosthenes Orator 6.32; ὡς ἐνδεχομένως “PPetr.” 2p.53 (3rd c.BC) ; in ὣς αὔτως (see. ὡσαύτως) we have the adverb of ὁ αὐτός, but the ὥς retains its demonstrative force, as does ὁ in Homer; ὡς ἀληθῶς, ὡς ὁμοίως, and ὡς παντελῶς may be modelled on ὣς αὔτως, with which they are nearly synonymous; so also ὡς ἑτέρως and ὡς ἐναλλάξ, which are contrasted with it.
__A.III.b with adverbs expressing anything extraordinary, θαυμαστῶς or θαυμασίως ὡς, ὑπερφυῶς ὡς, (see entry).; ὡς is sometimes separated by several words from its adverb, as θαυμαστῶς μοι εἶπες ὡς παρα᾽ δόξαν Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 95a; ὑπερφυῶς δὴ τὸ χρῆμα ὡς δύσγνωστον φαίνεται prev. author Alcaeus2.147c, compare “Phd.” 99d.
__A.III.c with the superlative, as much as can be, ὡς μάλιστα Thucydides Historicus 1.141, etc.: ὡς ῥᾷστα as easily as possible, Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 104; ὡς πλεῖστα Democritus Epigrammaticus 189 ; ὠς τάχιστα as quickly as possible, Alcaeus Lyricus “Supp.” 4.15, etc.; more fully expressed, ὡς δυνατὸν ἄριστα Isocrates Orator 12.153; ὡς ἐδύναντο ἀδηλότατα Thucydides Historicus 7.50; μαχομένους ὡς ἂν δυνώμεθα κράτιστα Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.2.6; ὡς οἷόν τε βελτιστον Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 403d ; ὡς ἀνυστὸν κάλλιστα Diog. Apollonius Biographus 3: ὡς and ὅτι are sometimes found together, where one is superfluous, ὡς ὅτι μάλιστα Plato Philosophus “Leges” 908a; βοῦν ὡς ὅτι κάλλιστον “IG” 22.1028.17 (2nd-1st c.BC) ; see infr. G.
__A.III.d with comparative, ὡς θᾶσσον Polybius Historicus 1.66.1, 3.82.1.
__A.III.e in the phrases ὡς τὸ πολύ, ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολύ, Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 330c, 377b ; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πλεῖον for the more part, commonly, ὡς ἐπὶ πλεῖστον Thucydides Historicus 2.34 ; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πλῆθος, ὡς πλήθει, Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 364a, 389d; ὡς τὸ ἐπίπαν Herodotus Historicus 7.50, etc.; ὡς τὰ πολλά Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 12.17.
__A.III.2 with adjectives,
__A.III.2.a Posit., ὑπερφυεῖ τινι.. ὡς μεγάλῃ βλάβῃ Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 477d.
__A.III.2.b with superlative, ὡς ἄριστοι τὰς φύσεις prev. author “Ti.” 18d; ὅπως ὡς βέλτισται ἔσονται prev. author “Grg.” 503a; ὡς ὅτι βέλτιστον prev. author “Smp.” 218d.
__A.III.2.c separated from the adjective by a preposition, ὡς ἐς ἐλάχιστον Thucydides Historicus 1.63, compare Demosthenes Orator 18.246; ὡς ἐν βραχυτάτοις Antipho Orator 1.18; ὡς ἐν ἐχυρωτάτῳ ποιεῖσθαι Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.6.26, etc.
__A.III.2.Ac Relat. and Interrog., how, μερμήριζε.. ὡς Ἀχιλῆα τιμήσειε Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.3, compare Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 365a; ἐβουλεύοντο ὡς.. στήσονται Herodotus Historicus 3.84, etc.; οἷα δεῖ λέγειν καὶ ὥς Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1128a1 ; ὡς πέπραται how, i. e. at what price the goods have been sold, “PCair.Zen.” 149 (3rd c.BC) ; so οὐκ ἔσθ᾽ ὡς.. (for the more usually ὅπως) nowise can it be that.., Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 750 ; οὐκ ἔσθ᾽ ὡς οὐ.., prev. author “Ph.” 196 (anap., Porson for οὐκ ἔστιν ὅπως ου) ; οἶσθ᾽ ὡς πόησο; by a mixture of constructions for ὡς χρὴ ποιῆσαι or ὡς ποιήσεις, prev. author “OT” 543, compare Hermippus Comicus 43, Menander Comicus 916 ; οἶσθ᾽ ὡς μετεύξει is falsa lectio in Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 600 (μέτευξαι Elmsley) ; similarly, οἶσθα.. ὡς νῦν μὴ σφαλῇς Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 75.
__A.III.2 ὡς ἂν ποήσῃς however (in whatever way) thou mayest act, prev. author “Aj.” 1369, compare Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 181a; αὐτῷ ὥς κεν ἅδῃ, τὼς ἔσσεται Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 3.350.
__A.III.2.Ad Temporal, when, with past tenses of the indicative, ἐνῶρτο γέλως.., ὡς ἴδον Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.600 : with optative, to express a repeated action, whenever, ὡς.. ἐς τὴν Μιλησίην ἀπίκοιτο Herodotus Historicus 1.17 : rarely with subjunctive, to denote what happens under certain conditions, τῶν δὲ ὡς ἕκαστός οἱ μειχθῇ, διδοῖ δῶρον prev. author 4.172, compare 1.132 ; later, ὡς ἄν with subjunctive, when, Zenon Papyri du Caire 251 (3rd c.BC), NT.1Cor.11.34, etc.; ὥς κα “Berl.Sitzb.” 1927.170 (from Cyrene); ὡς ἂν τάχιστα λάβῃς τὴν ἐπιστολήν as soon as.. Zenon Papyri du Caire 241.1 (3rd c.BC),cf. LXX.1Ki.9.13, LXX.Lev.3.8 +3rd c.BC+: in indirect speech with infinitive, Herodotus Historicus 1.86, 96, al.: expressed more forcibly by ὡς.. τάχιστα, some word or words being interposed, ὡς γὰρ ἐπετρόπευσε τάχιστα as soon as ever.., prev. author 1.65; ὡς δὲ ἀφίκετο τάχιστα Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.3.2: less frequently ὡς τάχιστα stand together, Aeschines Orator 2.22 : but this usage must be distinguished from signf. Ab.111.1c: followed by demonstrative, ὡς εἶδ᾽, ὣς ἀνεπᾶλτο Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.424; ὡς ἴδεν, ὥς μιν ἔρως πυκινὰς φρένας ἀμφεκάλυψεν 14.294; also ὡς.., ἔπειτα 3.396; Κρονίδης ὥς μιν φράσαθ᾽ ὣς ἐόλητο θυμὸν ἀνωΐστοισιν ὑποδμηθεὶς βελέεσσι Κύπριδος Moschus Bucolicus 2.74 ; the second ὣς is repeated, ἁ δ᾽ Ἀταλάντα ὡς ἴδεν, ὣς ἐμάνη, ὣς ἐς βαθὺν ἅλατ᾽ ἔρωτα Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 3.41 (ὣς ={εὐθέως}, Scholia vet.), compare 2.82; in Bion Bucolicus 1.40 the clauses with ὡς all belong to the protasis.
__A.III.2 ὡς appears to be falsa lectio for{ἕως} in ὡς ἂν αὑτὸς ἥλιος.. αἴρῃ Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1330, ὡς ἂν ᾖς οἷόσπερ εἶ prev. author “Aj.” 1117; compare ὥσπερ 111.1 : but in later Gr. ={ἕως}, while, ὡς τὸ φῶς ἔχετε NT.John.12.35, 36; ὡς καιρὸν ἔχομεν NT.Gal.6.10, compare “epigram Gr.” 646a5 (p.529); also until, τίθεται ἐπὶ ἀνθράκων ὡς ἀναξηρανθῇ “PLeid.X.” 89 Bacchylides Lyricus ; ἔα ἀφρίζειν τὴν πίσσαν ὡς οὗ ἐκλείπῃ prev. work37B. ;compare “Etymologicum Magnum” 824.43 (conversely ἕως for ὡς final, see at {ἕως} (B) Aeschylus Tragicus 1.4).
__A.III.2.Ae Local, where, in dialects, Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 1.13, 5.101, 103, “IG” 9(2).205.4 (Melitea, 3rd c.BC), “SIG” 685.63, al. (Cretan, 2nd c.BC), “IG” 12(1).736.5 (from Camirus), “GDI” 5597.8 (Ephesus, 3rd c.BC).
__B ὡς as CONJUNCTION:
__B.I with Substantive clauses, to express a fact, ={ὅτι}, that.
__B.II with Final clauses, to express an end or purpose, ={ἵνα, ὅπως}, so that, in order that.
__B.III Consecutive, ={ὥστε}, so that.
__B.IV Causal, since, because.
__B.I with Substantive Clauses, with verbs of learning, saying, etc., that, expressing a fact, γνωτὸν.., ὡς ἤδη Τρώεσσιν ὀλέθρου πείρατ᾽ ἐφῆπται Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.402, compare Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.194, etc.: in commands, προεῖπεν ὡς μηδεὶς κινήσοιτο Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.1.22 : with Verbs of fear or anxiety, with future indicative, μηκέτ᾽ ἐκφοβοῦ, μητρῷον ὥς σε λῆμ᾽ ἀτιμάσει ποτέ Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1427, compare Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 6.2.30 ; μὴ φοβοῦ ὡς ἀπορήσεις prev. work 5.2.12, compare Demosthenes Orator 10.36 ; a sentence beginning with ὡς is sometimes, when interrupted, resumed by ὅτι, and vice versa, Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.3.30, Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 470d, “Hp.Ma.” 281c ; so ὡς with a finite Verb passes into the accusative and infinitive, Herodotus Historicus 1.70, 8.118: both constructions mixed in the same clause, ἐλογίζετο ὡς.. ἧττον ἂν αὐτοὺς ἐθέλειν.. Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.1.25, compare “HG” 3.4.27: after primary tenses (including historic _present_) ὡς is followed by indicative, after historic tenses by optative (sometimes by indicative, both constructions in ὑπίσχοντο.. ἀμυνέειν, φράζοντες ὡς οὔ σφι περιοπτέη ἐστὶ ἡ Ἑλλὰς ἀπολλυμένη.. ἀλλὰ τιμωρητέον εἴη Herodotus Historicus 7.168) : sometimes with optative after a primary tense, κατάπτονται.. λέγοντες ὡς Ἀρίστων.. οὐ φήσειε prev. author 6.69, compare 1.70, Thucydides Historicus 1.38, Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 156b.
__B.I.2 with Verbs of feeling, χαίρει δέ μοι ἦτορ, ὥς μευ ἀεὶ μέμνησαι Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.648; ἄχος ἔλλαβ᾽ Ἀχαιοὺς ὡς ἔπεσ᾽ 16.600.
__B.II with Final Clauses, that, in order that; in this sense ὡς and ὡς ἄν, Epic dialect ὥς κεν, are used with the subjunctive after primary tenses of the indicative, and with the optative after the past tenses, βουλὴν ὑποθησόμεθ᾽.., ὡς μὴ πάντες ὄλωνται Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.37; τύμβον χεύαμεν.., ὥς κεν τηλεφανὴς.. εἴη Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 24.83; ἡμεῖς δ᾽ ἴωμεν ὡς, ὁπηνίκ᾽ ἂν θεὸς πλοῦν ἡμὶν εἴκῃ, τηνικαυθ᾽ ὁρμώμεθα Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 464; νέας διηκοσίας περιέπεμπον.. ὡς ἂν μὴ ὀφθείησαν Herodotus Historicus 8.7. b. rarely with future indicative, ὡς μὴ ὦν αὐτοὶ τε ἀπολέεσθε (conjecture Cobet for ἀπόλεσθε) κἀμὲ τρώσετε, ἐς ἄλλον τινὰ δῆμον ἀποίχεσθε Hecataeus Milesius Historicus 30J.
__B.II.2 ὡς is also used with past tenses of the indicative to express a purpose which has not been or cannot be fulfilled, τί μ᾽ οὐκ ἔκτεινας, ὡς ἔδειξα μήποτε..; so that I never should.., Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1392; ἔδει τὰ ἐνέχυρα λαβεῖν, ὡς μηδ᾽ εἰ ἐβούλετο ἐδύνατο ἐξαπατᾶν Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.6.23; compare ἵνα Bacchylides Lyricus 1.3, ὅπως Bacchylides Lyricus 1.3.
__B.II.3 ὡς with infinitive, to limit an assertion, ὡς μὲν ἐμοὶ δοκέειν Herodotus Historicus 6.95, compare 2.124; ὡς εἰπεῖν λόγῳ prev. work 53 ; or ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν,compare ἔπος 11.4 ; ὡς συντόμως, or ὡς συνελόντι εἰπεῖν to speak shortly, to be brief, Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 12.19, “Mem.” 3.8.10 ; ὡς εἰκάσαι to make a guess, i.e. probably, Herodotus Historicus 1.34, etc.; ὡς μικρὸν μεγάλῳ εἰκάσαι Thucydides Historicus 4.36 (so without ὡς, οὐ πολλῷ λόγῳ εἰπεῖν Herodotus Historicus 1.61), see supr. Ab. 11.1, 2.
__B.III to express Consequence, like{ὥστε}, so that, frequently in Herodotus Historicus, εὖρος ὡς δύο τριήρεας πλέειν ὁμοῦ in breadth such that two triremes could sail abreast, Herodotus Historicus 7.24; ὑψηλὸν οὕτω.., ὡς τὰς κορυφὰς αὐτοῦ οὐκ οἷά τε εἶναι ἰδέσθαι 4.184 ; so in Trag. and Prose, Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 437, al., Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 84, Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.5.7, etc.; ἀπέχοντας ἀπ᾽ ἀλλάλων ὡς ἦμεν Ϝικατίπεδον ἄντομον “Tab.Heracl.” 1.75; οὕτως.. ὡς ὁμολογεῖν Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 5.164d; ὡς καὶ τοὺς τεχνίτας λανθάνειν “PHolm.” 9.13 ; also, like{ὥστε}, with Indic., οὕτω κλεινὴ ἐγένετο, ὡς.. ἐξέμαθον Herodotus Historicus 2.135, compare Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 590, Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.1.33.
__B.III.2 ἢ ὡς after a comparative, μάσσον᾽ ἢ ὡς ἰδέμεν Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 13.113; μαλακώτεροι.. ἢ ὡς κάλλιον αὐτοῖς Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 410d; compare ὥστε Bacchylides Lyricus 1.2: with words implying comparison, ὀλίγοι ἐσμὲν ὡς ἐγκρατεῖς εἶναι αὐτῶν too few to.., Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.5.15, γραῦς εἶ, ὦ Ἐλπινίκη, ὡς τηλικαῦτα διαπράττεσθαι πράγματα too old to.. Stesimbrotus Historicus 5J.
__B.III.3 ὡς is sometimes omitted where the antecedent demonstrative is expressed, οὕτω ἰσχυραί, μόγις ἂν διαρρήξειας so strong, you could hardly break them, Herodotus Historicus 3.12; ῥώμη σώματος τοιήδε, ἀεθλοφόροι τε ἀμφότεροι ἦσαν prev. author 1.31.
__B.IV Causal, inasmuch as, since, τί ποτε λέγεις, ὦ τέκνο; ὡς οὐ μανθάνω Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 914, compare Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 843, 1077, Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 278: with opt., μὴ καὶ λάθῃ με προσπεσών· ὡς μᾶλλον ἂν ἕλοιτο μ᾽ ἢ τοὺς πάντας Ἀργείους λαβεῖν Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 46.
__B.IV.2 on the ground that.., with future indicative, Lysias Orator 30.27.
__C ὡς before
__C.I Participles;
__C.II Prepositions; and
__C.III ὡς itself as a Preposition.
__C.IV with Participles in the case of the Subject, to mark the reason or motive of the action, as if, as, ὡς οὐκ ἀΐοντι ἐοικώς Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.430 (see. infr. G) ; ἀγανακτοῦσιν ὡς μεγάλων τινῶν ἀπεστερημένοι (i. e. ἡγούμενοι μεγάλων τινῶν ἀπεστερῆσθαι), Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 329a : most frequently with participle future, διαβαίνει.., ὡς ἀμήσων τὸν σῖτον Herodotus Historicus 6.28, compare 91; παρεσκευάζοντο ὡς πολεμήσοντες Thucydides Historicus 2.7, etc.; δηλοῖς ὥς τι σημανῶν νέον Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 242; ὡς τεθνήξων ἴσθι νυνί Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 325 (troch.): in questions, παρὰ Πρωταγόραν νῦν ἐπιχειρεῖς ἰέναι, ὡς παρὰ τίνα ἀφιξόμενο; Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 311b; ὡς τί δὴ θέλω; Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 557 ; with verbs of knowing, ἐπιστάσθω Κροῖσος ὡς ὕστερον.. ἁλοὺς τῆς πεπρωμένης Herodotus Historicus 1.91 ; ὡς μὴ 'μπολήσων ἴσθι.. Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1063.
__C.IV.2 with Participles in oblique cases, λέγουσιν ἡμᾶς ὡς ὀλωλότας they speak of us as dead, Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 672; ὡς μηδὲν εἰδότ᾽ ἴσθι μ᾽ ὧν ἀνιστορεῖς Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 253; τὸν ἐκβαίνοντα κολάζουσιν ὡς παρανομοῦντα Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 338e; ἵνα μὴ ἀγανακτῇ ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ ὡς δεινὰ πάσχοντος prev. author “Phd.” 115e, compare Herodotus Historicus 5.85, 9.54; νῦν δέ σου τὰ ἔργα φανερὰ γεγένηται οὐχ ὡς ἀνιωμένου ἀλλ᾽ ὡς ἡδομένου τοῖς γιγνομένοις Lysias Orator 12.32; κτύπος φωτὸς ὡς τειρομένου του Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 202 (Lyric poetry) ; ἐν ὀλιγωρίᾳ ἐποιοῦντο, ὡς, ὅταν ἐξέλθωσιν, ἢ οὐχ ὑπομενοῦντας σφᾶς ἢ ῥᾳδίως ληψόμενοι βίᾳ made light of the matter, in the belief that.., Thucydides Historicus 4.5. —Both constructions in one sentence, τοὺς κόσμους εἴασε χαίρειν ὡς ἀλλοτρίους τε ὄντας καὶ πλέον θάτερον ἡγησάμενος ἀπεργάζεσθαι Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 114e, compare Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.5.9.
__C.IV.3 with Parts. put absolutely in genitive, νῦν δέ, ὡς οὕτω ἐχόντων, στρατιὴν ἐκπέμπετε Herodotus Historicus 8.144 ; ἐρώτα ὅτι βούλει, ὡς τἀληθῆ ἐροῦντος Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.1.9; ὡς ὧδ᾽ ἐχόντων τῶνδ᾽ ἐπίστασθαί σε χρή Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 281, compare 904, Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 760, Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 1311, Thucydides Historicus 7.15, Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.3.6 : so also in accusative, μισθὸν αἰτοῦσιν, ὡς οὐχὶ αὐτοῖσιν ὠφελίαν ἐσομένην ἐκ τοῦ ἄρχειν Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 345e, compare Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 1461 : with both cases in one sentence, ὡς καὶ τῶν Ἀθηναίων προσδοκίμων ὄντων ἄλλῃ στρατιᾷ καὶ.. διαπεπολεμησόμενον Thucydides Historicus 7.25, compare Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 604b.
__C.II ὡς before Preps., ἀνήγοντο ὡς ἐπὶ ναυμαχίαν (variant{-ίᾳ}) Thucydides Historicus 1.48, compare Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.1.22; φρύγανα συλλέγοντες ὡς ἐπὶ πῦρ prev. author “An.” 4.3.11 ; κατέλαβε τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ὡς ἐπὶ τυραννίδι, expressing the purpose, Thucydides Historicus 1.126; ἀπέπλεον.. ὡς ἐς τὰς Ἀθήνας prev. author 6.61; πλεῖς ὡς πρὸς οἶκον Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 58; τὸ βούλευμ᾽ ὡς ἐπ᾽ Ἀργείοις τόδ᾽ ἦν prev. author “Aj.” 44: in these passages ὡς marks an intention; not so in the following: ἀπαγγέλλετε τῇ μητρὶ χαίρειν ὡς παρ᾽ ἐμοῦ Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.7.28; also ὡς ἀπὸ τῆς πομπῆς Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 327c; ὡς ἐκ κακῶν ἐχάρη Herodotus Historicus 8.101.
__C.II.b later, in geographical expressions, of direction, προϊών, ὡς ἐπὶ τὸν Πηνειόν 1st cStrabo Geographus 9.5.8, compare 13.1.22; ὡς πρὸς ἕω βλέπων prev. author 8.6.1, compare 7.6.2 ; ὡς εἰς Φηραίαν (to be read Ἡραίαν) ἰόντων prev. author 8.3.32.
__C.III ὡς as a preposition, properly in cases where the object is a person, not a place: once in Homerus Epicus, ὡς αἰεὶ τὸν ὁμοῖον ἄγει θεὸς ὡς τὸν ὁμοῖον Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.218 (variant{ἐς τὸν ὁμοῖον},compare αἶνος Ὁμηρικός, αἰὲν ὁμοῖον ὡς θεός.. ἐς τὸν ὁμοῖον ἄγει Callimachus Epicus “Aetia” 1.1.10 ; ἔρχεται.. ἕκαστον τὸ ὅμοιον ὡς τὸ ὅ., τὸ πυκνὸν ὡς τὸ πυκνόν κτλ. (with variant{ἐς}) Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ φύσιος παιδίου” 17), but possibly ὡς.. ὥς as.. so, in Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” same place; also in Herodotus Historicus, ἐσελθεῖν ὡς τὴν θυγατέρα 2.121 .έ: frequently in Attic dialect, ὡς Ἆγιν ἐπρεσβεύσαντο Thucydides Historicus 8.5, etc.; ἀφίκετο ὡς Περδίκκαν καὶ ἐς τὴν Χαλκιδικήν prev. author 4.79; ἀπέπλευσαν ἐς Φώκαιαν.. ὡς Ἀστύοχον prev. author 8.31 ; ναῦς ἐς τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον ὡς Φαρνάβαζον ἀποπέμπειν prev. work 39; ὡς ἐκεῖνον πλέομεν ὥσπερ πρὸς δεσπότην Isocrates Orator 4.121 ; the examples of ὡς with names of places are corrupt, e.g. ὡς τὴν Μίλητον Thucydides Historicus 8.36 (ἐς codex Vat.) ; ὡς Ἄβυδον one Ms. in prev. author 8.103; ὡς τὸ πρόσθεν Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 242: in Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1481 ὡς τὰς ἀδελφὰς.. τὰς ἐμὰς χέρας is equivalent to ὡς ἐμὲ τὸν ἀδελφό; in prev. author “Tr.” 366 δόμους ὡς τούσδε house = household.
__D ὡς in independent sentences:
__D.I as an exclamation, how, mostly with adverbs and adjectives, ὡς ἄνοον κραδίην ἔχες how silly a heart hadst thou! Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.441 ; ὡς ἀγαθὸν καὶ παῖδα λιπέσθαι how good is it.., Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.196, compare 24.194; φρονεῖν ὡς δεινόν Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 316 ; ὡς ἀστεῖος ὁ ἄνθρωπος how charming he is! Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 116d; ὡς ἐμεγαλύνθη τὰ ἔργα σου, Κύριε LXX.Psa.91(92).6, 103(104).24 +5th c.BC+; in indirect clauses, ἐθαύμασα τοῦτο, ὡς ἡδέως.. ἀπεδέξατο marvelled at seeing how.., Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 89a.
__D.I.2 with Verbs, ὥς μοι δέχεται κακὸν ἐκ κακοῦ αἰεί how constantly.., Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.290, compare 21.273 ; ὡς οὐκ ἔστι χάρις μετόπισθ᾽ εὐεργέων how little thanks remain! Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.319 ; ὡς ὄχλος νιν.. ἀμφέπει see how.., Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 148 ; ὡς ὑπερδέδοικά σου how greatly.., Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 82; so perhaps ὡς οἰμώξεται Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 279; ὡς ἅπανθ᾽ ὑμῖν τυραννίς ἐστι prev. author “V.” 488 (troch.).
__D.II to mark a wish, oh that! with optative alone, ὡς ἔρις.. ἀπόλοιτο Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.107; ὡς ἀπόλοιτο καὶ ἄλλος Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.47, compare Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 126 (Lyric poetry) ; also ὡς ἄν or κε with optative, ὡς ἂν ἔπειτ᾽ ἀπὸ σεῖο οὐκ ἐθέλοιμι λείπεσθαι Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.444; ὥς κέ οἱ αὖθι γαῖα χάνοι 6.281.
__D.II.2 joined with other words of wishing, ὡς ὤφελες αὐτόθ᾽ ὀλέσθαι 3.428; ὡς δὴ μὴ ὄφελον νικᾶν Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.548.
__E ὡς with numerals marks that they are to be taken only as a round number, as it were, about, nearly, σὺν ἀνθρώποις ὡς εἴκοσι Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.3.5 ; also ὡς πέντε μάλιστά κῃ about five (see. μάλα 111.5), Herodotus Historicus 7.30 :—also with words compounded with numerals, δέπας.. ὡς τριλάγυνον Stesichorus Lyricus 7 ; παῖς ὡς ἑπτέτης of some seven years, Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 471c; δρέπανα ὡς διπήχη Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 6.1.30, compare “An.” 5.4.12; compare ὡσεί 111.
__F ὡς in some elliptical (or apparently elliptical) phrases:
__F.1 ὡς τί δὴ τόδε (i.e. γένηται); to what end? Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 796 (troch.); compare ἵνα Bacchylides Lyricus 11.3c.
__F.2 know that (i.e. ἴσθι), ὡς ἔστιν ἀνδρὸς τοῦδε τἄργα ταῦτά σοι Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 39; ὡς τοῦτό γ᾽ ἔρξας δύο φέρει δωρήματα prev. author “Ph.” 117; ὡς τῆσδ᾽ ἑκοῦσα παιδὸς οὐ μεθήσομαι Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 400, compare “Med.” 609, “Ph.” 720; ὡς τάχ᾽ οὐκέθ᾽ αἱματηρὸν.. ἀργήσει ξίφος prev. work 625 (troch.) ; so in Comedy texts, ὡς ἔστ᾽ ἐν ἡμῖν τῆς πόλεως τὰ πράγματα Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 32, compare 499 (anap.), “Ach.” 333 (troch.), “Nu.” 209; also ἀλλ᾽ ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ τείχους πάρεστιν ἄγγελος οὐδείς prev. author “Av.” 1119.
__F.3 ὡς ἕκαστος, ἕκαστοι, each severally (whether in respect of time, place, or other difference), ξυνελέγοντο.. Κορίνθιοι δισχίιοι ὁπλῖται, οἱ δ᾽ ἄλλοι ὡς ἕκαστοι, Φλειάσιοι δὲ πανστρατιᾷ Thucydides Historicus 5.57, compare 1.107, 113 ; πρώτη τε αὕτη πόλις ξυμμαχὶς παρὰ τὸ καθεστηκὸς ἐδουλώθη, ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ὡς ἑκάστη ξυνέβη (ξ. secl. Krüger: ἀπὸ κοινοῦ ἐδουλώθη Scholia same place) prev. author 1.98; ἄλλοι τε παριόντες ἐγκλήματα ἐποιοῦντο ὡς ἕκαστοι prev. work 67, compare 7.65 ; χρησμολόγοι τε ᾖδον χρησμοὺς παντοίους, ὧν ἀκροᾶσθαι ὡς ἕκαστος ὥρμητο, i. e. different persons ran to listen to different prophecies, prev. author 2.21 ; τὰς ἄλλας ὡς ἑκάστην ποι ἐκπεπτωκυῖαν ἀναδησάμενοι ἐκόμιζον ἐς τὴν πόλιν they made fast to the rest wherever each (ship) had been run ashore, prev. author 7.74 ; οἱ δ᾽ οὖν ὡς ἕκαστοι Ἕλληνες κατὰ πόλεις τε ὅσοι ἀλλήλων ξυνίεσαν καὶ ξύμπαντες ὕστερον κληθέντες οὐδὲν πρὸ τῶν Τρωικῶν.. ἁθρόοι ἔπραξαν the various peoples that were later called by the common name of Greeks, prev. author 1.3; ὡς ἑκάστῳ ἔργον προστάσσων Herodotus Historicus 1.114 ; ὡς ἑκάστην (one by one) αἱρέοντες (i.e. τὰς νήσους) οἱ βάρβαροι ἐσαγήνευον τοὺς ἀνθρώπους prev. author 6.31, compare 79; ὡς ἑκασταχόσε Dio Cassius Historicus 41.9, al. ; rarely with a Verb, ὡς ἕκαστος ἀπικνέοιτο Herodotus Historicus 1.29, compare Thucydides Historicus 6.2: later ὡς follows ἕκαστος, ἑκάστῳ ὡς ὁ Θεὸς ἐμέρισεν μέτρον πίστεως NT.Rom.12.3 :—for the etymology see infr. H; also ὡς ἑκάτεροι Thucydides Historicus 3.74 (see. infr. H).
__G ὡς pleonastic in ὡς ὅτι Dionysius Halicarnassensis 9.14, NT.2Cor.11.21, Scholia A Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.264, 129, 396, 3.280, “Anthologia Graeca” 9.530, uncertain reading in 1st cStrabo Geographus 15.1.57.
__H Etymology: this word is in origin five distinct words: (1) ὡς ' as' is the adverb from the Relat. ὅς (I.- Euripides Tragicus stem yo-); with ὡς βέλτιστος cf. Sanskrit yācchrē snull tnullá hudot 'the best possible': (2) ὧς 'thus' is the adverb of a Demonstr. stem so- found in Sanskrit sa, Gr. ὁ, Latin sō-c ( “Corpus Glossariorum Latinorum” ; = ita, cf. Umbr. esoc); (3) ὡς postpositive (ὄρνιθες ὥς, etc.) constantly makes a preceding short closed syllable long in Homerus Epicus , and must therefore have been ϝω; it may perhaps be related to Sanskrit vā, a form of va, iva (= (1) or (2) like), Latin ve, Gr. ἦ ϝ ; (4) ὡς preposition ' to' is of doubtful origin (perhaps from *ὠς, cognate with Latin ōs 'face', Sanskrit ās: ὤς τινα ἐλθεῖν like{τί δέ δε φρένας ἵκετο πένθος};); (5) ὡς F. 3 is probably ϝως, adverb of ϝός the reflexive adjective, and means literal in his (their) own way (or place); it is idiomatically placed before ἕκαστος (ἑκάτερος),compare ϝὸν ϝεκάτερος “Leg.Gort.” 1.18.

Synoniemen en afgeleide woorden

Grieks καθώς G2531 "evenals, naargelang (al), naarmate"; Grieks ὅς G3739 "wie, welke, wat, dat, terwijl"; Grieks τάχιστα G5033 "spoedig (zo), snel mogelijk (zo)"; Grieks ὡσαύτως G5615 ""; Grieks ὡσεί G5616 ""; Grieks ὥσπερ G5618 ""; Grieks ὥστε G5620 "zodat, dus dan, dus daarom";
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